Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is a pseudocereal of the Polygonaceae family, not a true cereal. Russia is the world's largest producer of buckwheat (0.9–1.5 million tons/year depending on the season) and the largest per capita consumer of buckwheat groats. Buckwheat is gluten-free, making it highly sought after in the gluten-free segment. It contains 10–13% protein with a high lysine content (5.8 g/100 g protein), an amino acid deficient in cereals. It contains 3–4% rutin (vitamin P), a bioflavonoid that strengthens blood vessel and capillary walls. It is rich in iron (6.7 mg/100g), magnesium (200 mg/100g), and potassium (380 mg/100g). Buckwheat grain is the raw material for groats (whole kernels), broken groats, flour, flakes, and sprouting. Its triangular shape with a dense hull requires specialized equipment for dehulling (hulling machines). GOST 19092-92. Key indicators: uniformity, admixture content, unhulled grains. Moisture ≤14.5%. Shipment: grain trucks, containers, rail hoppers. The yield of first-class groats is 62–67% of the grain weight. By-products: broken groats (8–12%), feed meal (3–5%), hulls (used as pillow filler or mushroom growing substrate). Buckwheat is a valuable honey plant: buckwheat honey is dark, has a pronounced taste, and contains increased amounts of iron and antioxidants.