Rapeseed seeds for sowing — certified seed material of winter and spring rapeseed. Hybrids and varieties of the '00' type (double-low): erucic acid <2%, glucosinolates <25 μmol/g. Categories: ES, RS1, F1 hybrids. Germination ≥85%. Treated with fungicide and insecticide. Thousand seed weight 3.5–5.5 g. Seeding rate: 0.6–0.8 million seeds/ha (winter), 1.0–1.2 million seeds/ha (spring). GOST 34105-2017. Winter rapeseed: sowing August–September, harvesting July. Winter hardiness is a key factor: the variety/hybrid must withstand down to −20°C without snow cover (for the Central Black Earth Region) or −25°C (for the Volga region). An autumn rosette of 6–8 leaves is optimal for overwintering. Spring rapeseed: sowing April–May, harvesting August–September. Vegetation period 90–110 days. For regions with severe winters (Urals, Siberia). F1 hybrids: yield 10–20% higher than varieties, uniform ripening, resistance to lodging. Originator firms: Rapool, DEKALB, Pioneer, Lembke. Sowing units (s.u.): 1 s.u. = 1.5 million seeds (for 2–2.5 ha of winter or 1.2–1.5 ha of spring rapeseed). Seed treatment: fungicide + insecticide (neonicotinoid or diamide). Storage: ≤15°C, humidity ≤7%. Documentation: varietal quality certificate, phytosanitary certificate.