Brown oil flax seeds (Linum usitatissimum) are a basic raw material for the oil-fat and paint-and-varnish industries. Russia is one of the world's top three exporters of flaxseed. Oil content 42–48% on an absolutely dry matter basis. Fatty acid composition: alpha-linolenic acid (Omega-3) up to 55%, linoleic (Omega-6) 15–18%, oleic 18–20%. Drying linseed oil is the basis for drying oil, varnishes, linoleum, oil paints, and printing inks. Quality indicators according to GOST 10582-76: moisture up to 8–10%, weed impurity up to 2–3%, oilseed impurity up to 3–5%, acid number of oil in seeds — not more than 3 mg KOH/g. Seeds are non-heating, in healthy condition, with color and odor characteristic of normal seeds. By-products of processing — flax cake and meal — are high-protein feed components. Packaging: in bulk, polypropylene bags 25–50 kg, big bags 1 ton. Shipment: grain trucks, containers, rail hoppers. Russia annually exports over 800 thousand tons of flaxseed — mainly to China, Belgium, Poland, Turkey. Cultivation regions: Western Siberia (Omsk, Novosibirsk regions), Volga region (Samara, Penza), Southern Federal District (Rostov, Volgograd). Curly flax (Linum usitatissimum var. brevimulticaulia) is a branched, low-growing variety optimized for seeds. Processing: pressing (cold-pressed — food-grade oil; hot-pressed — technical) or hexane extraction (maximum oil yield 95%). By-products: flax cake (from pressing, fat 8–12%) and meal (from extraction, fat 1–2%) — high-protein feed components (protein 30–34%). Flax cake contains mucilaginous substances that improve digestion in calves and horses. Storage: dry ventilated warehouses, temperature and humidity control. Products undergo incoming quality control on each batch. Test reports from accredited laboratories.